With years of rich powertrain supply experience, EMAC can quickly understand and respond to customer needs, greatly reducing customer communication costs.
EMAC provides one-stop solutions covers from pre-design to components supply, from installation…
EMAC also gradually builing our global services network, from branch companies to joint ventures, from local sales representatives to local after-sales services partners, we continuously expanding a global network that to provide better communication and services for our customers.
Till 2021, EMAC have branch companies and joint venture in Thailand and Singapore with after-sales service ability in this two countries. And we have sales representatives in Turkey…
From automotive powertrain system to industrial engine power system, from water pump drive package to complete generator set, from marine propulsion system to marine power system, by working closely with global leading companies’ factories in China, EMAC gives high-end solutions with competitive prices.
EMAC is excellent solution provider with a professional and dedicated team, we developed our advanced management system based on our past experience, and EMAC is the innovator of detailed visulization services that have professional video for every single products we sell…
With the mission of “Better Power, Better World”, and the vision of “Help World Leverage the Power of China”, EMAC looking for business partners in each country, that can working both as branch company or joint venture, by leverage the rich resources here, business network and local service advantages in China, we hope can help all manufacturers in the world to improve their design ability, manufacturing capability, management…

Industrial | Reliable Industrial Power System-ConeMac

Pump | High-End Water Pump Drive Package-PumpMac

Energy | One-Stop Generator Set Solution-SinoGen
As part of EMAC, SinoGen focusing on generator set related business, from G-drive engine power pack to complete generator set, from open type generator set to silence type generator set, from super silent type generator set to mobile power trailer, from generator control panel to synchronizing cabinet, SinoGen provides professional one-stop solution for everything customer needed for generator set.

Maritime | Marine Propulsion and Power System-SeaMac
Committed to providing reliable premium propulsion system and power system for all kinds of ships around the world, SeaMac is a sub-brand of EMAC group that focused on maritime application.
SeaMac’s ranges of products mainly inclduing marine main engine, marine gearbox, marine propellers, marine control lever system, marine auxiliary engine, marine generator set and emergency generator set.

Gas Generator I Economical, Efficient and Clean Power Options- GasMac
GasMac is a sub-brand of EMAC that focuses on natural gas and biogas system solutions. The new Gas G-drive engine, specially designed system components, greatly improves the performance and reliability of CCEC powered gas generators, from natural gas generator sets to biogas power generation. Gensets, from pretreatment systems to filtration systems, GasMac provides professional one-stop solutions for gas generator sets.

Parts | A Trustworthy Engine Parts Partner-PartMac
All of EMAC’s partners are facing big challenges with sourcing original spare parts in China. Committed to providing truthworthy and professional after-sales support and parts supply, PartMac is a sub-brand of EMAC group that focusing on parts business. Stick to original parts only, PartMac can’t give any solution on CHEAP PARTS, but you don’t need to worry about any quality issues with every single parts from PartMac.
Find Engines by Series or Type
Industrial Engine
MTA11 Industrial
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 10.8 L
Bore x Strock: 125 mm * 147 mm
Rated Power: 185 HP to 330 HP
Peak Torque: 788 N.m to 1458 N.m
NTA855 Industrial
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 14 L
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 152 mm
Rated Power: 250 HP to 450 HP
Peak Torque: 1017 N.m to 1831 N.m
KTA19 Industrial
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 18.9 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 525 HP to 700 HP
Peak Torque: 1902 N.m to 2319 N.m
KTA38 Industrial
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Displacement:37.7 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 780 HP
Peak Torque: 3089 N.m
QSK60 Industrial
Engine Type: 16 Cylinders
Displacement: 60.2 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 190 mm
Rated Power: 2300 Hp
Peak Torque: 8620 N.m
QSK38-C1086 Industrial Engine
Power: 1086 HP @ 1800 RPM
Fuel System: Cummins MCRS
Compression Ratio: 15 : 1
Aspiration: Turbocharged Aftercooled
Emission Standard: U.S. EPA Tier 2
MTA11 E2 Industrial
Engine Type: 4 Cylinders
Displacement: 11 L
Bore x Strock: 102 mm * 120 mm
Rated Power: 250 HP to 400 HP
Peak Torque: 1146 N.m to 200 N.m
QSNT E3 Industrial
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 14 L
Bore x Strock: 127 mm * 147 mm
Rated Power: 500 HP
Peak Torque: 2100 N.m
KTA50 Industrial
Engine Type: 16 Cylinders
Displacement: 50.3 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 1601 HP to 2682 HP
Peak Torque: 5071 N.m to 7865 N.m
QSK19 E2 Industrial
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 19 L
Bore x Strock: 158.75 mm * 158.75 mm
Rated Power: 760 HP to 815 HP
Peak Torque: 3084 N.m to 3086 N.m
QSK23 Industrial
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 23.0 L
Bore x Strock: N/A
Rated Power: 760 HP to 801 HP
Peak Torque: 3468 N.m to 3776 N.m
QSK38 Industrial
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Displacement: 37.7 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 1085 HP to 1600 HP
Peak Torque: 4869 N.m to 6242 N.m
QSK50 Industrial
Engine Type: 16 Cylinders
Displacement: 50.3 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 1400 HP to 2500 HP
Peak Torque: 6379 N.m to 9601 N.m
QSK60 E2 Industrial
Engine Type: 16 Cylinders
Displacement: 60L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 190 mm
Rated Power: 3004 Hp
Peak Torque: 11257 N.m
QSK78 E2 Industrial
Engine Type: N/A
Displacement: 77.6 L
Bore x Strock: N/A
Rated Power: 3500 Hp
Peak Torque: 13771 N.m
QSK95 E2 Industrial
Engine Type: N/A
Displacement: 95.0L
Bore x Strock: 190 mm * 210 mm
Rated Power: 4400 Hp
Peak Torque: 17653 N.m
QSX15 Industrial
Engine Type: N/A
Displacement: 15.0L
Bore x Strock: N/A
Rated Power: 375Hp to 524 Hp
Peak Torque: 1825 N.m to 2440 N.m
X15 E3 Industrial
Engine Type: N/A
Displacement: 14.9L
Bore x Strock: N/A
Rated Power: 535 Hp
Peak Torque: 2644 N.m
QST30 E2 Industrial
Engine Type: N/A
Displacement: 30.5L
Bore x Strock: N/A
Rated Power: 1050 Hp to1200Hp
Peak Torque: 4629 N.m to 5082 N.m
Products Not Available
The relevant products still under developing or waiting to be update, please contact our sales team for latest updates.
Pump Drive Engine
KTA38 PUMP
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Displacement: 37.7 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 700 HP to 1490HP
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA50 PUMP
Engine Type: 16 Cylinder
Displacement: 50.3 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 1645 HP to 2220 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA19 PUMP
Engine Type: 6 Cylinder
Displacement: 18.9 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 495 HP to 890 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
NTA855 PUMP
Engine Type: 6 Cylinder
Displacement: 14 L
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 152 mm
Rated Power: 300 HP to 500 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
NTA855 PUMP
Engine Type: 6 Cylinder
Displacement: 14 L
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 152 mm
Rated Power: 360 HP to 400 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA50 PUMP
Engine Type: 16 Cylinder
Displacement: 50.3 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 2000 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA38 PUMP
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Displacement: 37.7 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 700 HP to 1490HP
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA19 PUMP
Engine Type: 6 Cylinder
Displacement: 18.9 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 450 HP to 700 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
QSK50 Pump
Engine Type: 16 Cylinder
Displacement: 50.3 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 1400 HP to 1600 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
QSK38 Pump
Engine Type: 12 Cylinder
Displacement: 37.7 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 1085 HP to 1530 HP
Emission Standard: Tier 2
QSK19 Pump
Engine Type: 6 Cylinder
Displacement: 19 L
Bore x Strock: 158.75 mm * 158.75 mm
Rated Power: 506 HP to 700 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
Products Not Available
The relevant products still under developing or waiting to be update, please contact our sales team for latest updates.
G-Drive Engine
KTA19 M-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 18.9 L
Rated Power: 328 kW to 575 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA38 M-Governor
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 38 L
Rated Power: 615 kW to 1195 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA50 M-Governor
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 50 L
Rated Power: 1100 kW to 1650 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
MTA11 M-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 125 mm * 147 mm
Displacement: 10.8 L
Rated Power: 224 kW to 282 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
NTA855 M-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 152 mm
Displacement: 14 L
Rated Power: 205 kW to 407 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
NTA855 E-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 152 mm
Displacement: 14 L
Rated Power: 225 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
QSK19 E-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 19 L
Rated Power: 335 kW to 669 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
QSK38 E-Governor
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 50.3 L
Rated Power: 876 kW to 1107 kW
Emission Standard: U.S. EPA Tier 2
QSK50 E-Governor
Engine Type: 16 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 50.3 L
Rated Power: 1421 kW
Emission Standard: U.S. EPA Tier 2
QSNT E-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 152 mm
Displacement: 14 L
Rated Power: 358 kW to 545 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA50 M-Governor
Engine Type: 16 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 50.3 L
Rated Power: 900 kW to 1656 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
MTA11 M-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 125 mm * 147 mm
Displacement: 10.8 L
Rated Power: 283 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
NTA855 M-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 14 L
Rated Power: 257 kW to 399 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
QSK19 E-Governor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 19 L
Rated Power: 459 kW to 669 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
QSK38 E-Governor
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 37.7 L
Rated Power: 891 kW to 1279 kW
Emission Standard: U.S. EPA Tier 2
Marine Engine
KTA50 Marine
Engine Type: 16 Cylinders
Displacement: 50.2 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 1400 HP to 2200 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA38 Marine
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Displacement: 37.9 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 545 HP to 1200 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA19 Marine
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 19 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 500 HP to 700 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
NTA855 Marine
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 14 L
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 152 mm
Rated Power: 147 HP to 450 HP
Emission Standard: N/A
Products Not Available
The relevant products still under developing or waiting to be update, please contact our sales team for latest updates.
KTA50 Auxiliary
Engine Type: 16 Cylinders
Displacement: 50 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 1097 kW to 1290 kW
Emission Standard: IMO Tier 2/C1
KTA38 Auxiliary
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Displacement: 38 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 560 kW to 1007 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
KTA19 Auxiliary
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 19 L
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Rated Power: 336 kW to 507 kW
Emission Standard: IMO Tier 2/C1
NTA855 Auxiliary
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Displacement: 14 L
Bore x Strock: 140 mm * 152 mm
Rated Power: 180 kW to 317 kW
Emission Standard: IMO Tier 2
Products Not Available
The relevant products still under developing or waiting to be update, please contact our sales team for latest updates.
Gas G-Drive Engine
GTA855 M-Gonernor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 14 L
Rated Power: 240 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
GKT38 M-Gonernor
Engine Type: 12 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 37.7 L
Rated Power: 550 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
GKT19 M-Gonernor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 18.9 L
Rated Power: 300 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
QSK19N E-Gonernor
Engine Type: 6 Cylinders
Bore x Strock: 159 mm * 159 mm
Displacement: 19 L
Rated Power: 343 kW
Emission Standard: N/A
Products Not Available
The relevant products still under developing or waiting to be update, please contact our sales team for latest updates.
Products Not Available
The relevant products still under developing or waiting to be update, please contact our sales team for latest updates.
Engine Parts
Products Not Available
The relevant products still under developing or waiting to be update, please contact our sales team for latest updates.
Customer Review
SinoMac-SinoGen Makes a Brilliant Appearance at Eurasia Rail Turkey 2025
From June 18 to 20, 2025, the highly anticipated 2025 Turkey Railway, Rolling Stock and Logistics Exhibition (Eurasia Rail Turkey) opened grandly at the Istanbul Expo Center (IFM). As one of the most influential industry events in the railway and rail transit fields in the Middle East, Africa and Europe, this exhibition attracted many outstanding companies from the global rail transit, rolling stock and logistics technology fields to participate in the exhibition. During the three-day exhibition, the exhibitors concentrated on displaying the industry's cutting-edge technologies and innovative achievements, building an efficient technical exchange and business cooperation platform for international professionals, and providing an important opportunity to promote the development of the global rail transit industry.
2025 Kazakhstan International Mining
The 2025 Kazakhstan International Mining, Exploration and Coal Processing Exhibition (Mining Week) is set to take place grandly in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, from June 24 to 26. As one of the most influential mining exhibitions in Central Asia, Mining Week provides a professional platform for enterprises, experts, and practitioners in the global mining sector to highlight innovative technologies, exchange industry experiences, and explore cooperation opportunities.SinoGen Power Technology Limited (SinoMac) will participate in this mining event with its mining division, MineMac, bringing an elevated level of enthusiasm and firm determination.
Focus on the rail transit event and share the industry development
Against the backdrop of the vigorous development of the rail transit industry, the 2025 Turkey Railway and Rail Transit Exhibition will open its curtains in Istanbul, Turkey from June 18 to 20. As a much - anticipated industry event, this exhibition offers a broad platform for global rail transit companies to showcase their innovative achievements and expand market opportunities, covering various aspects of the rail transit field, including railways, subways, light rails, trams, locomotives, vehicles, signaling and communication systems, and maintenance and repair equipment.
Vietnam | Pump – Electric Motor
EMAC's customer interview video of 2024, EMAC finished a series of customer interview with 10 different business partners from different countries and regions, most of videos are took at customer's company and factory, collecting all reviews and evaluations of EMAC, covering different industries in different country and regions, we believe this series of EMAC customer interview videos can help all of other customers get to know more about EMAC, our true customer interview case can greatly help customers relieve their worries, and build their confidence to cooperate with EMAC. A Promise is A Promise, EMAC always do what we say, and for customer’s feedback, also 100% original from clients’s real words. EMAC, a Chinese company that you can trust!
Indonesia | Construction – Customer Interview
EMAC's customer interview video of 2025, EMAC finished a series of customer interview with 10 different business partners from different countries and regions, most of videos are took at customer's company and factory, collecting all reviews and evaluations of EMAC, covering different industries in different country and regions, we believe this series of EMAC customer interview videos can help all of other customers get to know more about EMAC, our true customer interview case can greatly help customers relieve their worries, and build their confidence to cooperate with EMAC. A Promise is A Promise, EMAC always do what we say, and for customer’s feedback, also 100% original from clients’s real words. EMAC, a Chinese company that you can trust!
Thailand | Pump – Equipment Production
EMAC's customer interview video of 2023, EMAC finished a series of customer interview with 10 different business partners from different countries and regions, most of videos are took at customer's company and factory, collecting all reviews and evaluations of EMAC, covering different industries in different country and regions, we believe this series of EMAC customer interview videos can help all of other customers get to know more about EMAC, our true customer interview case can greatly help customers relieve their worries, and build their confidence to cooperate with EMAC. A Promise is A Promise, EMAC always do what we say, and for customer’s feedback, also 100% original from clients’s real words. EMAC, a Chinese company that you can trust!
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2025 Kazakhstan International Mining
The 2025 Kazakhstan International Mining, Exploration and Coal Processing Exhibition (Mining Week) is set to take place grandly in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, from June 24 to 26. As one of the most influential mining exhibitions in Central Asia, Mining Week provides a professional platform for enterprises, experts, and practitioners in the global mining sector to highlight innovative technologies, exchange industry experiences, and explore cooperation opportunities.SinoGen Power Technology Limited...
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Focus on the rail transit event and share the industry development
Against the backdrop of the vigorous development of the rail transit industry, the 2025 Turkey Railway and Rail Transit Exhibition will open its curtains in Istanbul, Turkey from June 18 to 20. As a much - anticipated industry event, this exhibition offers a broad platform for global rail transit companies to showcase their innovative achievements and expand market opportunities, covering various aspects of the rail transit field, including railways, subways, light rails, trams, locomotives, ...
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First Batch of Dongfeng Tianlong Vehicles with Cummins Z15N FE + Yingdong AMT Enter Zhongtong for Professional Training
The current logistics industry is in an era of stock competition. The continuous involution of the market has made cost reduction and efficiency increase inevitable. How to break through has become a compulsory course for all practitioners. On March 31, the first batch of 10 Dongfeng Tianlong heavy trucks equipped with Cummins Z15N FE + Yingdong AMT integrated power chain entered Zhongtong Express, injecting more efficient, reliable and environmentally friendly transportation capacity into it...
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How to Convert the CUMMINS K19-M3 Marine Engine from Dry Exhaust to Wet Exhaust?
Converting a CUMMINS K19-M3 marine engine from a dry to a wet exhaust system requires modifications to both the exhaust and cooling systems. The exhaust pipe replacement is straightforward, but the cooling system adaptation is more complex, involving thermostat removal, rocker arm disassembly, and valve clearance adjustment. Technical expertise is crucial to ensure proper reassembly and engine performance. For parts lists or expert guidance, contact our engineering team at info@seamac.com.
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Maintenance Cycle Time and Test Contents of Diesel Generators
The importance of diesel generator sets in factories and enterprises is unquestionable. In order to ensure the normal standby and stable operation of diesel generator sets, their regular testing and daily maintenance are particularly important. Taking Cummins diesel generator sets as an example, this article explains the items that need to be checked during regular testing of diesel generator sets, as well as the safety matters that need to be paid attention to in the daily maintenance and ov...
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Vietnam | Pump – Electric Motor
EMAC's customer interview video of 2024, EMAC finished a series of customer interview with 10 different business partners from different countries and regions, most of videos are took at customer's company and factory, collecting all reviews and evaluations of EMAC, covering different industries in different country and regions, we believe this series of EMAC customer interview videos can help all of other customers get to know more about EMAC, our true customer interview case can greatly h...
Global Activity
SinoMac-SinoGen Makes a Brilliant Appearance at Eurasia Rail Turkey 2025
From June 18 to 20, 2025, the highly anticipated 2025 Turkey Railway, Rolling Stock and Logistics Exhibition (Eurasia Rail Turkey) opened grandly at the Istanbul Expo Center (IFM). As one of the most influential industry events in the railway and rail transit fields in the Middle East, Africa and Europe, this exhibition attracted many outstanding companies from the global rail transit, rolling stock and logistics technology fields to participate in the exhibition. During the three-day exhibition, the exhibitors concentrated on displaying the industry's cutting-edge technologies and innovative achievements, building an efficient technical exchange and business cooperation platform for international professionals, and providing an important opportunity to promote the development of the global rail transit industry.
2025 Kazakhstan International Mining
The 2025 Kazakhstan International Mining, Exploration and Coal Processing Exhibition (Mining Week) is set to take place grandly in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, from June 24 to 26. As one of the most influential mining exhibitions in Central Asia, Mining Week provides a professional platform for enterprises, experts, and practitioners in the global mining sector to highlight innovative technologies, exchange industry experiences, and explore cooperation opportunities.SinoGen Power Technology Limited (SinoMac) will participate in this mining event with its mining division, MineMac, bringing an elevated level of enthusiasm and firm determination.
Focus on the rail transit event and share the industry development
Against the backdrop of the vigorous development of the rail transit industry, the 2025 Turkey Railway and Rail Transit Exhibition will open its curtains in Istanbul, Turkey from June 18 to 20. As a much - anticipated industry event, this exhibition offers a broad platform for global rail transit companies to showcase their innovative achievements and expand market opportunities, covering various aspects of the rail transit field, including railways, subways, light rails, trams, locomotives, vehicles, signaling and communication systems, and maintenance and repair equipment.
CCEC Debuts at INTERMAT 2024 with Forward-Looking Technology Products
INTERMAT 2024 grandly opened in Paris on April 24. CCEC launched the latest 15-liter off-road Euro Stage V engine with a power of up to 700 HP (522 kW) and a maximum torque of 3,200 N.m. As the flagship heavy-duty power product of CCEC, CCEC X15 has the advantages of high reliability, low fuel consumption, and lower overall operating cost (TCO). It is also one of the star products of CCEC newly launched multi-fuel engine platform.
Accelerates Decarbonization of Off-Road Heavy Equipment
The CONEXPO-CON AGG 2023 exhibition in the United States was grandly opened in Las Vegas. The CCEC 15-liter multi-fuel engine platform became the highlight of the exhibition, helping non-road heavy equipment to accelerate decarbonization.
SEMA has Discovered the “Mad Max” Pickup Truck!
Therefore, the car’s doomsday modification style is also inherited from the legendary experience of the car, and the car is named "Chain Smoker". The whole car is toned based on rust and patina, and many parts of the body are bundled with scrap iron chains to highlight...